博士李少菲同学在国际纳米权威期刊Nano Letters上发表论文
博士生李少菲同学在国际纳米权威期刊Nano Letters上发表论文
近日,课题组成员李少菲同学在刘老师的指导下,以第一作者在国际纳米权威期刊《纳米快报》(Nano Letters,影响因子12.94)上发表题为“Tunable proximity valley splitting via interfacial exchange pinning in WSe2-CrBr3-CrPS4 heterostructures”(通过 WSe₂–CrBr₃–CrPS₄ 异质结构中的界面交换钉扎实现可调谐的近邻谷劈裂)的实验论文。

图:通过 WSe₂–CrBr₃–CrPS₄ 异质结构中的界面交换钉扎实现可调谐的近邻谷劈裂
控制原子级锐利界面处自旋相关电子态的能力,是众多新兴信息技术发展的重要基础。在此背景下,二维(2D)范德华(vdW)异质结构已成为构筑界面量子功能的重要平台,尤其是在层状磁体与半导体过渡金属二硫族化合物(TMDCs)相结合时更具优势。在这类混合体系中,磁近邻效应无需施加较大的外部磁场即可在半导体中打破时间反演对称性,从而解除能谷简并,实现对谷赝自旋的光学调控。这一特性对于谷电子学(valleytronics)尤为重要,因为信息可编码于 TMDCs 中彼此不等价的 ±K 能谷。 尽管近年来已取得显著进展,实现对近邻效应诱导谷响应的确定性、高精度调控仍然是该领域面临的核心挑战。
在铁磁体(FM)-TMDC 异质结构中,已有研究在 WSe₂/CrI₃、WSe₂/少层 CrI₃以及 MoSe₂/CrBr₃ 等体系中观察到显著的谷 Zeeman 劈裂、谷极化以及非易失性或可切换的谷响应。这些现象主要来源于界面磁交换相互作用和自旋依赖电荷转移,使 TMDC 中的谷自由度能够敏锐感知相邻二维磁体的磁有序状态。
然而,许多本征二维铁磁材料具有较强的磁晶各向异性,其磁化翻转通常表现出明显的磁滞特性,并伴随着磁畴成核、畴壁运动及畴壁钉扎等复杂过程。 因此,在 FM-TMDC 双层异质结构中,由磁近邻效应诱导的谷响应通常受限于铁磁层离散的磁态,从而限制了谷极化的连续调控和可编程操控能力。为突破这一限制,一个颇具吸引力但尚未得到充分探索的策略是,通过引入竞争性的交换场来设计界面磁环境。在层状磁性异质结构中,将铁磁体与刚性的反铁磁体(AFM)耦合,可在界面形成交换钉扎势。与传统意义上仅导致磁滞回线偏移的交换偏置不同,界面交换钉扎能够从根本上抑制铁磁畴壁传播,阻碍突发式磁化翻转,从而在磁化反转过程中产生非共线自旋构型。将这种自旋钉扎机制拓展至 TMDC 异质结构,有望成为调控有效界面交换场并动态拓宽谷极化响应范围的有效途径。
在本工作中,我们研究了 WSe₂–CrBr₃ 和 WSe₂–CrBr₃–CrPS₄ 范德华异质结构中通过界面交换钉扎实现谷赝自旋确定性调控的机制。偏振分辨磁光谱作为一种高灵敏度的探测手段,可直接表征局域时间反演对称性破缺所引起的相互作用。我们首先证实,WSe₂–CrBr₃ 双层异质结构表现出稳定的非易失性谷极化,并在 3 T 磁场下获得约 5.0 meV 的显著增强谷劈裂,其来源于强界面交换耦合以及自旋选择性电荷转移。更为重要的是,通过引入反铁磁 CrPS₄ 层,我们实现了借助对铁磁 CrBr₃ 层的交换钉扎对磁近邻效应进行可编程调制。CrPS₄ 的引入显著拓宽了低磁场区域圆偏振度(DOCP)的翻转过程,并增大了 DOCP 翻转特征宽度 dB,这一结果与界面磁响应发生调制相一致。此外,我们还观察到谷响应在正、负磁场极性下表现出明显的不对称性。
本研究构建的 WSe₂–CrBr₃–CrPS₄ 三层异质结构作为一个模型体系,用于探究反铁磁界面对单层 WSe₂ 中由 CrBr₃ 所介导磁近邻效应的调控机制。位于底部的 CrPS₄ 层与 CrBr₃ 形成 AFM/FM 界面,该界面能够改变 CrBr₃ 的磁响应特性,并进一步调制单层 WSe₂ 中谷激子(valley exciton)的磁光学响应。

文章链接:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c01840
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Interfacial Exchange Pinning Enables Programmable Valley Control in Two-Dimensional Quantum Heterostructures
Researchers from Central South University have demonstrated a new strategy for manipulating valley pseudospins in two-dimensional semiconductors by engineering magnetic interfaces rather than relying solely on intrinsic magnetic switching.
Magnetic proximity effects have emerged as a promising route for controlling the valley degree of freedom in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), offering exciting opportunities for next-generation spintronic and valleytronic technologies. However, most magnetic heterostructures employ ferromagnetic layers whose abrupt magnetization reversal limits continuous and programmable control of valley polarization.
To overcome this challenge, the team designed a WSe₂–CrBr₃–CrPS₄ van der Waals heterostructure, where an antiferromagnetic CrPS₄ layer is introduced beneath the ferromagnetic CrBr₃. Instead of directly acting on the semiconductor, the CrPS₄ layer modifies the magnetic response of CrBr₃ through interfacial exchange pinning, thereby tailoring the proximity exchange field experienced by monolayer WSe₂.
Using low-temperature polarization-resolved magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy together with first-principles calculations, the researchers observed robust nonvolatile valley polarization in WSe₂/CrBr₃ arising from strong magnetic proximity coupling. The heterostructure exhibits a giant proximity-induced valley Zeeman splitting, enhanced effective g-factors, and pronounced hysteretic valley polarization.
More importantly, incorporating the antiferromagnetic CrPS₄ layer significantly broadens the low-field valley polarization reversal while suppressing the modulation amplitude. The experimental observations, supported by density functional theory calculations, reveal that exchange pinning alters the interfacial magnetic configuration, weakens the effective proximity exchange field, and enables smoother, more controllable valley manipulation.
Unlike conventional approaches that depend solely on switching a ferromagnet between two magnetic states, this work demonstrates that engineering interfacial magnetic interactions provides an additional degree of freedom for tailoring proximity-induced quantum phenomena.
The findings establish interfacial exchange pinning as an effective mechanism for programmable control of spin–valley coupling and open new opportunities for designing multifunctional quantum devices based on two-dimensional magnetic heterostructures, including valleytronic memories, low-power spin logic, and quantum optoelectronic technologies.